KATHMANDU:Despite growing backlash in popular destinations, the global tourism sector is projected to reach $16 trillion in GDP contribution by 2034, according to a new World Economic Forum report titled "Travel and Tourism at a Turning Point: Principles for Transformative Growth."

The report, published in collaboration with consulting firm Kearney, urges destinations to adopt more sustainable and inclusive strategies that benefit both communities and visitors, rather than curbing tourism altogether.

Growing Pressures, New Opportunities
Mass protests in European cities like Barcelona and Venice, triggered by over-tourism, rising living costs, and environmental degradation, reflect rising tensions between residents and tourists. In response, some destinations have introduced entry fees or restricted access to iconic landmarks.

Yet many under-visited areas stand to benefit from more balanced visitor distribution. The report highlights that while tourism supported 1 in 10 jobs globally in 2024, its long-term viability depends on managing environmental, social, and infrastructure impacts effectively.

“Tourism is not the problem,” the report notes. “Poor management is.” Solutions lie in redistributing tourism flows, expanding offbeat experiences, and linking tourism with local development.

Global Case Studies in Sustainable Tourism
The report highlights successful models worldwide:

• Rwanda: Once conflict-ridden, the country has made tourism a pillar of growth, contributing 10% to its GDP. It diversified beyond gorilla tourism by investing in MICE (Meetings, Incentives, Conferences, and Exhibitions), which generated $84.8 million in 2024 through 115 high-profile events.
• Mexico: In Barrancas del Cobre, the Indigenous Rarámuri people were historically excluded from tourism. Now, through the Experiencias Rarámuri initiative, they offer cultural experiences and nature adventures while reinvesting revenues into education, healthcare, and employment for 100+ families.
• USA – Atlanta: The Mercedes-Benz Stadium project integrated community feedback to avoid displacement and resentment. Over 700 residents were trained, and more than 150 found employment in tourism-related roles.
• USA – San Diego: Post-pandemic, the Tourism Accelerator programme supported 30 small, diverse businesses with marketing and PR training. Most participants reported revenue growth and job creation.

A Call for Smarter Growth
As visitor-to-resident ratios rise, particularly in tourism hotspots, the report stresses the need to engage local communities, diversify experiences, and support small enterprises. Destinations must also align tourism with broader sustainability goals, including circular economy practices, environmental protection, and inclusive policy frameworks.

The World Economic Forum’s report concludes that tourism’s growth offers not just economic potential but an opportunity to solve critical challenges if managed with foresight and equity.